Trainwreck: Cultivar Profile With Sources, Lineage Claims and Lab Data Limits
Trainwreck is a cannabis name linked to Arcata, California, with a terpinolene-rich terpene dataset but disputed ancestry. See sources, lab data limits and one case report.
Content last updated . This page has not been medically reviewed.
Documented data at a glance
Source status: Includes documented laboratory measurements. Names and market labels do not guarantee composition or effects, and a batch result is not a typical value for the cultivar.
- Preferred name
- Trainwreck
- Aliases
- Arcata (aka, per a clone-only seed-database entry), Arcata E-32, Train Wreck, TrainWreck
- Name conflicts
- A seed-variety database lists 20 entries under the name. A folk story for the name is relayed but not treated as fact.
- Breeder attribution
- No named breeder; accounts place the origin in Arcata / Humboldt County, California. (Unknown)
- Retail label
- Hybrid (retail label) (a marketing category, not a measurement)
- Cannabinoid dominance
- THC-dominant
Reported lineage
- Mix of Mexican and Thai sativas bred with Afghani indicas in northern California (attributed to Leafly by the profile). (Reported; source: The Cannigma. Trainwreck weed strain review and profile. Editorial profile (attributed source with limits). Read 2026-10-22.)
- Elite clone from different sativas kept in Arcata, Humboldt Bay (attributed to a seed company). (Reported; source: The Cannigma. Trainwreck weed strain review and profile. Editorial profile (attributed source with limits). Read 2026-10-22.)
- Lowland Thai x Mexican sativa x Afghani stock, with the E-32 plant as mother (attributed to another site). (Reported; source: The Cannigma. Trainwreck weed strain review and profile. Editorial profile (attributed source with limits). Read 2026-10-22.)
- Original clone from Arcata, USA (seed company description). (Reported; source: SeedFinder. TrainWreck by Green House Seeds. Seed-database entry with the company's description (attributed source with limits). Read 2026-10-22.)
Laboratory measurements: cannabinoids
Maryland (6 analytes)
dataset (Maryland flower, N=2 samples; test dates 2021-10-06 to 2023-03-06; median of 2 samples with a value). Laboratory: lab ID 1101 (2). Dates: 2021-10-06 to 2023-03-06. Method: not reported in dataset. Source: Cannlytics. cannabis_results dataset, data/md/md-results-latest.csv (Maryland lab/regulator results, 105,013 rows; flower rows product_type 'Buds'; test dates 2017-12 to 2023-12). Licence CC BY 4.0. Read 2026-10-22.
| Analyte | Median | Minimum | Maximum |
|---|---|---|---|
| CBD | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| CBDA | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| CBG | 0.15 | 0 | 0.3 |
| CBN | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Delta-9 THC | 0.14 | 0 | 0.28 |
| THCA | 10.57 | 4.47 | 16.67 |
Values are percent by weight as inferred from the dataset (the source does not label units per column). The median is calculated from the dataset; minimum and maximum are reported.
Hawaii (5 analytes)
dataset (Hawaii flower, N=3 samples; test dates 2022-05-31 to 2023-02-16; median of 3 samples with a value). Laboratory: not reported in dataset (3). Dates: 2022-05-31 to 2023-02-16. Method: not reported in dataset. Source: Cannlytics. cannabis_results dataset, data/hi/hi-results-latest.csv (Hawaii, 13,485 rows; flower rows product_type 'Flower Lot'). Licence CC BY 4.0. Read 2026-10-22.
| Analyte | Median | Minimum | Maximum |
|---|---|---|---|
| CBD | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| CBDA | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.07 |
| CBG | 0.26 | 0.24 | 0.27 |
| CBN | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total cannabinoids | 23.34 | 20.58 | 24.17 |
Values are percent by weight as inferred from the dataset (the source does not label units per column). The median is calculated from the dataset; minimum and maximum are reported.
Nevada (7 analytes)
dataset (Nevada flower, N=30 samples; test dates 2022-09-02 to 2023-07-08; median of 30 samples with a value). Laboratory: NV CANN LABS LLC (28); G3 LABS LLC (1); ERP LLC (1). Dates: 2022-09-02 to 2023-07-08. Method: not reported in dataset. Source: Cannlytics. cannabis_results dataset, data/nv/nv-results-latest.csv (Nevada, 153,064 rows; flower rows product_type 'Marijuana Flowers/Buds'; test dates 2020-01 to 2023-12). Licence CC BY 4.0. Read 2026-10-22.
| Analyte | Median | Minimum | Maximum |
|---|---|---|---|
| CBD | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| CBDA | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| CBN | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Delta-9 THC | 1.192 | 0.69 | 1.445 |
| THCA | 18.05 | 15.889 | 19.855 |
| Total cannabinoids | 19.185 | 16.97 | 21.3 |
| Total THC | 16.96 | 15.01 | 18.86 |
Values are percent by weight as inferred from the dataset (the source does not label units per column). The median is calculated from the dataset; minimum and maximum are reported.
| Analyte | Value | Scope | Sample / batch | Laboratory | Test date | Method | Reported or calculated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| THC | 18.6 % | single batch | product used by one patient, described as Trainwreck | not stated | not stated | not stated | reported |
Each row describes the stated sample or dataset only. Composition varies between batches. Sources are listed in the page references.
Laboratory measurements: terpenes
Nevada (11 terpenes)
dataset (Nevada flower, N=30 samples; test dates 2022-09-02 to 2023-07-08; median of 28 samples with a value). Laboratory: NV CANN LABS LLC (28); G3 LABS LLC (1); ERP LLC (1). Dates: 2022-09-02 to 2023-07-08. Method: not reported in dataset. Source: Cannlytics. cannabis_results dataset, data/nv/nv-results-latest.csv (Nevada, 153,064 rows; flower rows product_type 'Marijuana Flowers/Buds'; test dates 2020-01 to 2023-12). Licence CC BY 4.0. Read 2026-10-22.
| Terpene | Median | Minimum | Maximum |
|---|---|---|---|
| alpha-Bisabolol | 0.055 | 0.049 | 0.062 |
| alpha-Humulene | 0.057 | 0.023 | 0.08 |
| alpha-Pinene | 0.039 | 0.034 | 0.075 |
| beta-Caryophyllene | 0.105 | 0.079 | 0.121 |
| beta-Myrcene | 0.059 | 0.043 | 0.104 |
| beta-Pinene | 0.05 | 0.042 | 0.093 |
| Caryophyllene oxide | 0.011 | 0.011 | 0.011 |
| D-Limonene | 0.033 | 0.026 | 0.139 |
| Linalool | 0.028 | 0.028 | 0.028 |
| Terpinolene | 0.313 | 0.209 | 0.421 |
| Total terpenes | 0.72 | 0.56 | 1.02 |
Percent by weight as inferred from the dataset. The median is calculated; minimum and maximum are reported. A terpene is listed only when the dataset gave a value above zero.
| Terpene | Value | Scope | Sample / batch | Laboratory | Test date | Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| alpha-phellandrene | 0.4 mg/g | dataset | dataset: 7 samples sold as Trainwreck from one California dispensary over about a year; reported as mean +/- SD (SD 0.3) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc., Union City CA | not reported (samples submitted over about one year) | GC-FID, peaks confirmed by GC-MS |
| alpha-pinene | 0.9 mg/g | dataset | dataset: 7 samples sold as Trainwreck from one California dispensary over about a year; reported as mean +/- SD (SD 0.2) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc., Union City CA | not reported (samples submitted over about one year) | GC-FID, peaks confirmed by GC-MS |
| alpha-terpineol | 0.5 mg/g | dataset | dataset: 7 samples sold as Trainwreck from one California dispensary over about a year; reported as mean +/- SD (SD 0.3) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc., Union City CA | not reported (samples submitted over about one year) | GC-FID, peaks confirmed by GC-MS |
| beta-caryophyllene | 1.5 mg/g | dataset | dataset: 7 samples sold as Trainwreck from one California dispensary over about a year; reported as mean +/- SD (SD 0.4) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc., Union City CA | not reported (samples submitted over about one year) | GC-FID, peaks confirmed by GC-MS |
| beta-pinene | 1.5 mg/g | dataset | dataset: 7 samples sold as Trainwreck from one California dispensary over about a year; reported as mean +/- SD (SD 0.3) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc., Union City CA | not reported (samples submitted over about one year) | GC-FID, peaks confirmed by GC-MS |
| humulene | 0.5 mg/g | dataset | dataset: 7 samples sold as Trainwreck from one California dispensary over about a year; reported as mean +/- SD (SD 0.3) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc., Union City CA | not reported (samples submitted over about one year) | GC-FID, peaks confirmed by GC-MS |
| limonene | 3.4 mg/g | dataset | dataset: 7 samples sold as Trainwreck from one California dispensary over about a year; reported as mean +/- SD (SD 1.9) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc., Union City CA | not reported (samples submitted over about one year) | GC-FID, peaks confirmed by GC-MS |
| linalool | 0.4 mg/g | dataset | dataset: 7 samples sold as Trainwreck from one California dispensary over about a year; reported as mean +/- SD (SD 0.4) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc., Union City CA | not reported (samples submitted over about one year) | GC-FID, peaks confirmed by GC-MS |
| myrcene | 3.7 mg/g | dataset | dataset: 7 samples sold as Trainwreck from one California dispensary over about a year; reported as mean +/- SD (SD 2.3) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc., Union City CA | not reported (samples submitted over about one year) | GC-FID, peaks confirmed by GC-MS |
| terpinolene | 9.6 mg/g | dataset | dataset: 7 samples sold as Trainwreck from one California dispensary over about a year; reported as mean +/- SD (SD 4.8) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc., Union City CA | not reported (samples submitted over about one year) | GC-FID, peaks confirmed by GC-MS |
| trans-ocimene | 2.6 mg/g | dataset | dataset: 7 samples sold as Trainwreck from one California dispensary over about a year; reported as mean +/- SD (SD 1.7) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc., Union City CA | not reported (samples submitted over about one year) | GC-FID, peaks confirmed by GC-MS |
| Humulene | 0.5 mg/g | dataset (N=7 samples from one California dispensary, Feb 2015-Feb 2016; mean, SD 0.3 as printed; dry-weight basis not stated) | not reported in source | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. | not reported in source (samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS |
| Limonene (peak may overlap with β-phellandrene) | 3.4 mg/g | dataset (N=7 samples from one California dispensary, Feb 2015-Feb 2016; mean, SD 1.9 as printed; dry-weight basis not stated) | not reported in source | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. | not reported in source (samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS |
| Linalool | 0.4 mg/g | dataset (N=7 samples from one California dispensary, Feb 2015-Feb 2016; mean, SD 0.4 as printed; dry-weight basis not stated) | not reported in source | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. | not reported in source (samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS |
| Myrcene | 3.7 mg/g | dataset (N=7 samples from one California dispensary, Feb 2015-Feb 2016; mean, SD 2.3 as printed; dry-weight basis not stated) | not reported in source | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. | not reported in source (samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS |
| Terpinolene | 9.6 mg/g | dataset (N=7 samples from one California dispensary, Feb 2015-Feb 2016; mean, SD 4.8 as printed; dry-weight basis not stated) | not reported in source | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. | not reported in source (samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS |
| trans-Ocimene | 2.6 mg/g | dataset (N=7 samples from one California dispensary, Feb 2015-Feb 2016; mean, SD 1.7 as printed; dry-weight basis not stated) | not reported in source | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. | not reported in source (samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS |
| α-Phellandrene | 0.4 mg/g | dataset (N=7 samples from one California dispensary, Feb 2015-Feb 2016; mean, SD 0.3 as printed; dry-weight basis not stated) | not reported in source | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. | not reported in source (samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS |
| α-Pinene | 0.9 mg/g | dataset (N=7 samples from one California dispensary, Feb 2015-Feb 2016; mean, SD 0.2 as printed; dry-weight basis not stated) | not reported in source | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. | not reported in source (samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS |
| α-Terpineol | 0.5 mg/g | dataset (N=7 samples from one California dispensary, Feb 2015-Feb 2016; mean, SD 0.3 as printed; dry-weight basis not stated) | not reported in source | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. | not reported in source (samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS |
| β-Caryophyllene | 1.5 mg/g | dataset (N=7 samples from one California dispensary, Feb 2015-Feb 2016; mean, SD 0.4 as printed; dry-weight basis not stated) | not reported in source | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. | not reported in source (samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS |
| β-Pinene | 1.5 mg/g | dataset (N=7 samples from one California dispensary, Feb 2015-Feb 2016; mean, SD 0.3 as printed; dry-weight basis not stated) | not reported in source | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. | not reported in source (samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS |
| Humulene | 0.5 mg/g | dataset (N=7 dried flower samples; mean, SD 0.3) | dispensary samples pooled by cultivar name (n=7) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. (Union City, CA) | samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016 (analysis date not reported) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS; methanol extraction of 1 g |
| Limonene | 3.4 mg/g | dataset (N=7 dried flower samples; mean, SD 1.9) | dispensary samples pooled by cultivar name (n=7) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. (Union City, CA) | samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016 (analysis date not reported) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS; methanol extraction of 1 g; limonene peak overlaps beta-phellandrene in cultivars containing alpha-phellandrene |
| Linalool | 0.4 mg/g | dataset (N=7 dried flower samples; mean, SD 0.4) | dispensary samples pooled by cultivar name (n=7) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. (Union City, CA) | samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016 (analysis date not reported) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS; methanol extraction of 1 g |
| Myrcene | 3.7 mg/g | dataset (N=7 dried flower samples; mean, SD 2.3) | dispensary samples pooled by cultivar name (n=7) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. (Union City, CA) | samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016 (analysis date not reported) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS; methanol extraction of 1 g |
| Terpinolene | 9.6 mg/g | dataset (N=7 dried flower samples; mean, SD 4.8) | dispensary samples pooled by cultivar name (n=7) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. (Union City, CA) | samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016 (analysis date not reported) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS; methanol extraction of 1 g |
| trans-Ocimene | 2.6 mg/g | dataset (N=7 dried flower samples; mean, SD 1.7) | dispensary samples pooled by cultivar name (n=7) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. (Union City, CA) | samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016 (analysis date not reported) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS; methanol extraction of 1 g |
| α-Phellandrene | 0.4 mg/g | dataset (N=7 dried flower samples; mean, SD 0.3) | dispensary samples pooled by cultivar name (n=7) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. (Union City, CA) | samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016 (analysis date not reported) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS; methanol extraction of 1 g |
| α-Pinene | 0.9 mg/g | dataset (N=7 dried flower samples; mean, SD 0.2) | dispensary samples pooled by cultivar name (n=7) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. (Union City, CA) | samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016 (analysis date not reported) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS; methanol extraction of 1 g |
| α-Terpineol | 0.5 mg/g | dataset (N=7 dried flower samples; mean, SD 0.3) | dispensary samples pooled by cultivar name (n=7) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. (Union City, CA) | samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016 (analysis date not reported) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS; methanol extraction of 1 g |
| β-Caryophyllene | 1.5 mg/g | dataset (N=7 dried flower samples; mean, SD 0.4) | dispensary samples pooled by cultivar name (n=7) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. (Union City, CA) | samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016 (analysis date not reported) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS; methanol extraction of 1 g |
| β-Pinene | 1.5 mg/g | dataset (N=7 dried flower samples; mean, SD 0.3) | dispensary samples pooled by cultivar name (n=7) | Excelsior Analytical Laboratory, Inc. (Union City, CA) | samples collected Feb 2015 to Feb 2016 (analysis date not reported) | GC-FID, peak identity confirmed by GC-MS; methanol extraction of 1 g |
Trainwreck is a cannabis cultivar (commonly called a strain) tied by most accounts to northern California. This page keeps the name, the ancestry stories, measured data and research apart. It is information only. "Insufficient evidence" means a finding rests on very little, here a single case; "Proper evidence not found" means we looked and found nothing usable.
Identity, aliases and name conflicts
Spellings include Trainwreck, Train Wreck and TrainWreck, and a seed-database entry from a clone-only company lists it as "Trainwreck (aka Arcata)" with the notation Arcata E-32.[1] A seed-variety database lists 20 entries under the name.[2] One seed company describes its version as the original clone from Arcata, California.[3] See cultivar names, aliases and conflicts.
Reported lineage
An editorial profile says the origins are "cloaked in mystery" and gathers several accounts:[4]
- One strain-information site describes a mix of Mexican and Thai sativas bred with Afghani indicas in northern California.[4]
- A seed company says the strain began as an elite clone from different sativas kept in Arcata, Humboldt Bay.[4]
- A third account names a lowland Thai variety crossed with Mexican sativa and Afghani stock, with an "E-32" plant as the mother.[4]
- Another source places its first appearance in Humboldt County between the 1960s and 1980s.[4]
A Hawaiian seed company separately describes the heritage as Mexican, Afghan and Thai.[5] These are reported accounts with no independent record, so we mark the lineage as reported and the breeder as unknown. The profile also relays a folk story for the name, which we do not treat as fact.[4] See lineage claims and breeder attribution. Related profiles: Pineapple Express and Jack Herer.
Classification
An editorial profile labels it hybrid-dominant,[4] while a genetics study took a 90 percent sativa figure for it from an online database.[6] In that study, only two Trainwreck samples were tested; they were genetically different from each other, and their average pairwise relatedness was -0.01 (zero or below means very little relatedness).[6][7] In a terpene study, Trainwreck grouped with Jack Herer in a terpinolene-dominant group.[8] Names and categories do not guarantee composition; see cultivars, chemotypes and strain names.
Appearance
An editorial profile describes light green flowers covered in trichomes with orange hairs.[4] This is a general description, not a standard.
Aroma and constituents
A study of 233 samples from one California dispensary over a year measured terpenes in 7 samples sold as Trainwreck, using gas chromatography.[8] It is a dataset, not a batch. Values are reported as a value plus or minus standard deviation, in mg per gram of plant material:
| Terpene | Reported value (mg/g) |
|---|---|
| Terpinolene | 9.6 ± 4.8 |
| Myrcene | 3.7 ± 2.3 |
| Limonene | 3.4 ± 1.9 |
| trans-Ocimene | 2.6 ± 1.7 |
| Beta-pinene | 1.5 ± 0.3 |
| Beta-caryophyllene | 1.5 ± 0.4 |
| Alpha-pinene | 0.9 ± 0.2 |
The spread within each value is large, so samples under one name differed. See terpinolene. In a separate sensory and chemistry study, a Trainwreck sample was terpinolene-rich and was the only sample without the "gas" aroma descriptor.[9] The authors argue that terpenes alone do not explain specific aromas.[9] Seller descriptions mention a citrus and pine aroma.[4]
Potency
Peer-reviewed batch data with laboratory and date was not found. The only measured value we found is in a case report: the product a patient used was described as Trainwreck, containing 18.6% THC and 0.0% CBD and CBN.[10] The report does not name the laboratory, method or test date. It is one product, so it cannot stand for the cultivar. One seed company states its own lab results were still pending. Composition varies; see how to read a cannabis COA.
Reported experiences
An editorial profile summarizes user reports of euphoria, happiness and uplift.[4] These are anecdote, not controlled research, and not a promise of any effect.
Research
Evidence level: insufficient evidence. The only cultivar-specific human report is one case: a woman whose muscle spasms were linked to a medicine called vismodegib used a product named Trainwreck, reported her spasms resolved, and reported no adverse effects; she stopped when cost became prohibitive.[10] A single uncontrolled case cannot show that the product caused the improvement and is not advice to self-treat. For research on cannabinoids and spasticity in general, see cannabinoids for multiple sclerosis symptoms.
Safety
THC can impair thinking, memory and body movement, and anxiety or panic are more common when a product is strong.[11] Elevated heart rate and breathing problems are also reported side effects.[11] See impairment and driving and smoking and vaping risks.
Frequently asked questions
Where is Trainwreck from?
Most accounts point to Arcata and Humboldt County in northern California, but the parents and dates are disputed.[4]
Is Trainwreck high in terpinolene?
In a dataset of 7 samples from one dispensary, terpinolene was the highest of the measured terpenes. Other samples under the same name may differ.[8]
How strong is Trainwreck?
Verified batch data was not available. One case report lists 18.6% THC for one patient's product.[10]
Does Trainwreck treat muscle spasms?
Proper evidence not found beyond one case report, which cannot prove benefit.[10]
References
- SeedFinder. Trainwreck by Clone Only Strains. Seed-database entry (attributed source with limits). Read 2026-10-22.
- SeedFinder. All Train Wreck strains. Seed-variety database listing (attributed source with limits). Read 2026-10-22.
- SeedFinder. TrainWreck by Green House Seeds. Seed-database entry with the company's description (attributed source with limits). Read 2026-10-22.
- The Cannigma. Trainwreck weed strain review and profile. Editorial profile (attributed source with limits). Read 2026-10-22.
- SeedFinder. Pineapple Express by Pua Mana Pakalolo. Seed-database entry with the company's description (attributed source with limits). Read 2026-10-22.
- Schwabe et al. Genetic tools weed out misconceptions of strain reliability in Cannabis sativa: implications for a budding industry. Journal of Cannabis Research 2019;1:3. Read 2026-10-22.
- Schwabe et al. Human olfactory discrimination of genetic variation within Cannabis strains. Frontiers in Psychology 2022;13:942694. Read 2026-10-22.
- Fischedick JT. Identification of Terpenoid Chemotypes Among High (-)-trans-Delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-Producing Cannabis sativa L. Cultivars. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research 2017;2(1):34-47. Read 2026-10-22.
- Oswald et al. Minor, Nonterpenoid Volatile Compounds Drive the Aroma Differences of Exotic Cannabis. ACS Omega 2023;8:39203-39216. Read 2026-10-22.
- Yuan et al. Medical marijuana for the treatment of vismodegib-related muscle spasm. JAAD Case Reports 2017;3. Read 2026-10-22.
- National Institute on Drug Abuse. Cannabis (Marijuana). Read 2026-10-22.