Focal hyperkinetic seizure

Focal hyperkinetic seizure

A focal seizure characterized at onset by predominantly proximal limb or axial muscles producing irregular sequential ballistic movements, such as pedaling, pelvic thrusting, thrashing, rocking movements.

The 2017 ILAE classification arbitrarily groups pedaling activity with hyperkinetic seizures, rather than with automatism seizures. However, some automatisms overlap other motor behaviors and where pedaling is slow and coordinated it may be considered an automatism.